Transylvanian: Mystery of tărtărijských clay tables

15. 03. 2020
6th international conference of exopolitics, history and spirituality

In 1961, a report of an archaeological sensation circled the entire scientific world. No, the "blow" did not come from Egypt or Mesopotamia, but Transylvania! It was an unexpected find in Transylvania, in the tiny Romanian village of Tărtăria.

What surprised the knowledgeable scientists involved in the study of history? Is it possible that they came across a rich burial ground, such as the tomb of Tutankhamen? Or did they come across a set of ancient masterpieces? Nothing like that. The general upheaval was provided by three small clay plates. These were mysterious characters, surprisingly similar (as expressed by their discoverer, Romanian archaeologist N. Vlassa) Sumerian pictographic texts from the end of the 4th millennium BC

Archaeologists, however, had another surprise, the tables found were 1000 years older than the Sumerians! All they had to do was guess how 7 years ago the oldest manuscript in human history could have found so far beyond the boundaries of the famous ancient Eastern civilizations, in a place where they were by no means expected.

Sumerians in Transylvania?

In 1965, a German sumerologist, Adam Falkenstein, believed that the texts were written in Tartaria under the influence of Sumer. MSHood opposed him by claiming that the Tartar plates had absolutely nothing to do with the literature. He said that Transylvania was visited by Sumerian merchants and their local tables were copied. Of course, the people of Tartaria did not know what was written on the tablets, but that did not prevent them from using them in religious ceremonies.

There is no doubt that the ideas of both Hood and Falkenstein are original, but have their weaknesses. How to explain the millennial "rift" in time between the Tartar and Sumerian tablets? And how is it possible to copy something that does not yet exist? Other experts saw a connection between the Tartar texts and Crete, but in this case it would be a time difference of two thousand years.

The discovery of N. Class did not go unnoticed in our country either. TSPassek, a doctor of historical sciences, commissioned a young archaeologist V. Titov to research the Sumerians' stay in Transylvania. Unfortunately, the research did not solve the Tartar mystery. However, Sumerologist A. Kifishin, a laboratory worker at the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, performed an analysis of the collected material and came to the following conclusions:

  1. Tartar tables are a small part of a large-scale system of local-language writing.
  2. In the text of one of the tables there are six ancient symbols that correspond to the "list" from the Sumerian city of Džemdet-Nasr, as well as seals found in a tomb in Hungary and belonging to the Körös culture.
  3. The characters on this table must be read by the circle in the clockwise direction.
  4. The content of the text (if we read it in Sumerian) confirms the finding of a quartered male body, also in Tartaria, which would prove the existence of ritual cannibalism in the ancient Transylvanians.
  5. The name of the local god Shaou corresponds to the Sumerian god Usmu (Isimud). The table was translated as follows: "In the times of the forties of the rule, the god of Sha'u was ritually burned old woman. He was the tenth. "

So what is hidden in the Tartar tables? We do not have a clear answer yet. One thing is certain, however, only a detailed research of the entire complex of Vinča cultural sites (and Tartarie belongs to it) can bring us closer to solving the mystery of three small clay tablets.

Works of days past

The banks of the river, upstream, which were towed by the ships,The mystery of the Tartari clay tables overgrown with grass… The roads where war chariots rushed, overgrown with grass wailing… and the dwellings in the city turned into rubble.

From the Sumerian epic "The Curse of the Akkad"

About twenty kilometers from Tartaria is the Turdaș hill, under which there is a Neolithic agricultural settlement. Excavations have been carried out there since the end of the last century, but have not yet been completed. Even then, archaeologists were fascinated by the pictographic characters on the fragments of the vessels.

The same signs were found on shards in the Neolithic locality of Vinča in Serbia. At that time, archaeologists considered them burnt marks of the owner of the vessel. Archaeologists in Turdas were unlucky, the local river changed direction and washed away almost everything. And in 1961, scientists appeared in Tartaria.

The work of an archaeologist is difficult, but extremely interesting, and it is somewhat reminiscent of the profession of detective. When forensic scientists reconstruct events from our present, archaeologists are often forced to put together stories and events from the ancient past with barely perceptible clues. Where the eye of a non-expert sees only homogeneous layers of soil, the expert will certainly notice the remains of an ancient dwelling, fireplace, ceramic shards and work tools. Each layer of soil hides traces of life of human generations, such layers are called cultural by archaeologists.

The work of the scientists seemed to be coming to an end, and that Tartaria had revealed all her secrets… And suddenly they suddenly discovered a pit filled with ashes in the lowest layer. At its bottom, they found ancient statues, a bracelet made of seashells, and three small clay tablets covered with pictograms. Next to them were the severed and charred bones of an adult. At this point, ancient farmers apparently made sacrifices to their gods.

As emotions waned, the scientists looked at the tiny tables. Two were rectangular in shape and the third was round. There were circular holes in the middle on the round and on the larger rectangular plate. Careful research showed that the tables were made of local clay. The characters were applied from one side only. The typing technique of the ancient Tartarians was very simple: the characters were engraved with a sharp object into the raw clay, and then the table was burned.

Sumerian tables in Transylvania! That is unimaginable

The mystery of the Tartari clay tablesIf such tables were found in Mesopotamia, no one would be surprised. But the Sumerian tables in Transylvania! That is unimaginable.

And then they remembered the fragments of the vessels of the Turdaș-Vinča culture. They compared them to the Tartarians, and the agreement was obvious. That says a lot. The written monuments of Tartaria did not originate on a "desert island", but were part of the pictographic literature of the Balkan culture of Vinča, widespread in the period from the middle of the 6th to the beginning of the 5th millennium BC

The first agricultural settlements appeared in the Balkans as early as the 6th millennium BC, and over the next thousand years they engaged in agriculture throughout the territory of southeastern and central Europe. How did the first farmers live? At first they lived in dugouts and cultivated the land with stone tools. The basic crop was barley. And over time, the appearance of the settlement changed.

Towards the end of the 5th millennium BC, the first clay buildings began to appear. The construction of the house was simple: a wooden load-bearing structure was built, to which were attached walls that were entwined with thin rods, and then smeared with clay.

The dwelling was heated by vaulted furnaces. Don't you think that the house is very similar to Ukrainian cottages? And when the house fell into disrepair, they tore it down, leveled the ground, and built a new one. In this way, the settlement gradually grew in height. For centuries, axes and other tools made of copper appeared on farmers.

And how did the ancient inhabitants of Transylvania look like?

Numerous pieces discovered during excavations can help us reconstruct their appearance.

In front of us is a man's head made of clay. A calm masculine face, a distinctive nose with a bump, hair divided by a path and tied in a knot at the back. Who did the ancient artist portray? The chief, the shaman, or simply the contemporaries, that's hard to say. But something else is important, in front of us is a statuette, executed according to certain strict rules, and the face of an ancient man from Transylvania. He is looking at us from the depths of the seven millennia!

The mystery of the Tartari clay tablesAnd here is a stylized depiction of a woman. The body is covered with a complex geometric ornament that creates a wonderful pattern. The same ornament can be found in other statues of Turdaș-Vinča culture. Probably the artful intertwining of lines had some meaning. Maybe it was a tattoo that women were wearing at the time, or it had a different magical meaning. The answer is difficult to find, because women have always disliked revealing their secrets.

Especially interesting is the large ritual jug, which comes from the early period of Vinca culture. On it we see a drawing, probably depicting a shrine, which again resembles the shrines of the ancient Sumerians. Random match? But in time, they are almost twenty centuries apart.

By the way, where does that assurance of dating come from? And how did the age of the Tartari tables actually be determined when there were no pots, or their shards, according to which the period when they were made was mostly determined?

Physics helps history

Archaeologists came to the aid of physicists. University of Chicago professor Willard Libby, who developed the C-14 radioactive carbon dating method (he received the Nobel Prize for his discovery).

Radioactive carbon C-14 is formed in the Earth's atmosphere by cosmic rays, it is oxidized and falls on the ground, thus entering plants and subsequently animals. In dead tissues, its content gradually decreases, and after a certain time, a certain amount of C-14 decays. The half-life of C-14 is 5360 years. Therefore, it is possible to determine the time that has elapsed since the death of plants and animals according to the isotope content of the organic residues. W. Libby's method is relatively accurate, the deviations are ± 50 - 100 years.

Physics helps historySo what actually happened, almost 7 years ago, at an ancient ceremony place? Is a sumerologist right, who is convinced that archaeologists have discovered traces of ritual cannibalism? Maybe he's right. Can it be imagined, however, that in a society that has reached a significant level of literature there would be cannibalism, even if it were a ritual? It is possible, a survey of a number of pre-Columbian civilizations confirms this.

Incidentally, in the Sumerian inscription published by S. Langdon, the story of the ritual killing of the high priest and then the choice of a new one is told. It is possible that something similar happened in Tartaria. They burned the body of the slain priest in a sacred fire and placed statues of gods, protectors of Tartaria, and a magical table on his remains. However, we have no evidence that the priest was eaten. It is not easy to unravel the curtain of six millennia. Ancient witnesses to the ceremony, statuettes and charred bone are silent. But maybe the third witness, the ancient signs, will speak.

Words on clay tablets

On the first clay plate is engraved a symbolic representation of two goats. An ear is placed between them. Is it possible that the depiction of goats and ears was a symbol of the welfare of a community based on agriculture and cattle breeding? Or is it a hunting scene, as N.Vlassa assumes? It is interesting that we encounter a similar topic on the Sumerian tables. The second table is divided into smaller parts by a vertical and a horizontal line. There are different symbolic images on each of those parts.

The circle of Sumerian sacred symbols is well known. And when we compare the symbols of our table with the images on the ritual vessel found in Jamdet-Nasr, we are again surprised by their agreement. The first character on the Sumerian plate is the head of an animal, most likely a kid, the second depicts a scorpion, and the third, apparently, the head of a human or deity. The fourth character depicts a fish, the fifth character a kind of structure and the sixth a bird. We can therefore assume that the table contains symbolic representations of "kid", "scorpion", "god", "fish", "closed space - death" and "bird".

The symbols of the Tartar tables are not only that they are identical to the Sumerian, they are also distributed in the same order. It is Works of days pastagain just a surprising match? Probably not. The graphic form could be random, science knows such cases. There is an extraordinary similarity, for example, between the various features of the mysterious texts of the Proto-Indian Harapp civilization and the rongo-rongo script from Easter Island.

However, the similarity of the symbols and their distribution will probably not be accidental. This leads us to wonder if the religions of the people of Tartaria and Jamdet-Nasra have a common origin. And perhaps this is the specific key to deciphering the Tartarian texts - although we do not know what is written there, we already know in what order to read.

We can decrypt the inscription if we read it counterclockwise. We will, of course, never know what the Tartarian language sounded like, but we can decipher the meaning of their characters when based on their Sumerian equivalents.

So let's start reading the third table, there are characters on it, divided by lines. The number of symbols in the individual parts is not large, which means that the Tartarian tables, as well as the old Sumerian texts, were ideographic, syllabic characters and morphology did not yet exist.

The round table says:

NUN KA.ŠA. UGULA. PI. IDIM KARA 1.

"For the god Shaou, the four rulers were the one with the deep knowledge of the deep knowledge".

What does the inscription mean?

Once again, we are offered a comparison with the manuscripts from Jamdet-Nasr, which contains a list of the high priestesses, the sisters who headed the four tribes. Would it be possible that there were such priestesses-rulers in Tartaria as well? But there are other similarities. In the Tartarian text, the god Shaue is mentioned, and his name is displayed exactly as in the Sumerians. Yes, apparently, the Tartar plate contained brief information about the ritual sacrifice and burning of the priest who had completed his reign.

So who were the ancient inhabitants of Tartaria who wrote "Sumerian" in the 5th millennium BC, when Sumer itself did not exist at that time? Were they the ancestors of the Sumerians? Some scientists believe that the Sumerian predecessors broke away from the ancient Kartveles, who left present-day Georgia and Kurdistan, in the 15th and 12th millennium BC. How could they pass on their literature to the peoples of Southeast Europe? The question is quite serious and we do not have an answer to it yet.

The ancient inhabitants of the Balkans had a significant influence on the culture of Asia Minor. It is especially possible to trace the connection with the culture of Turdaș-Vinča using pictograms on ceramics. Characters, which are sometimes completely identical to the Vincian ones, were also found in the territory of Troy (early 3rd millennium BC). Then they begin to appear in other parts of Asia Minor.

The more distant offshoot of Vinča's writings also includes pictographic texts from ancient Crete. One cannot disagree with the Soviet archaeologist V. Titov that the roots of the ancient literature of the Aegean countries go back to the Balkan Peninsula in the 4th millennium BC, and certainly did not originate under the influence of distant Mesopotamia, as some scientists previously thought.

In addition, it is known that the founders of Vinca's Balkan culture reached Kurdistan and Khuzistan through Asia Minor in the 5th millennium, where the ancestors of the Sumerians settled at that time. Shortly afterwards, pictographic Proto-Elamal literature emerged in this area, equally close to both Sumerian and Tartarian literature.

It is therefore concluded that those who laid the foundations of Sumerian literature were paradoxically not Sumerians, but inhabitants of the Balkans. How else could we explain that the oldest text of Sumer, dated at the end of the 4th millennium BC, appeared completely unexpectedly and in a fully developed form. The Sumerians, like the Babylonians, were only good disciples who took pictographic characters from the Balkan nations and then further developed them into a cuneiform.

Inscribed loom weight, mid-fifth millennium BC, Vinca-Turdas culture, present-day Romania. Inscriptions are on both front and back as well as along sides. Photo from Signs of Civilization.

Branches of one tree

From the questions that have arisen in the research of the Tartarean finding, I consider two of them to be particularly important:

  1. How did the literature of Tartaria come about and what system of scriptures does it belong to?
  2. What language did the Tartars speak?
  3. Perlov is certainly right when he claims that Sumerian literature appeared in southern Mesopotamia at the end of the 4th millennium BC unexpectedly and in perfect form. It was there that the oldest encyclopedia of mankind "Harra-hubulu" was written, which allowed us to get acquainted with the worldview of people from the 10th - 4th millennium BC

A study of the laws of the internal development of Sumerian pictography leads us to the fact that at the end of the 4th millennium BC, pictographic writing as a system was already in decline. Of the entire Sumerian font system (approximately 38 characters and their variations were counted), just over 5 characters were used, all of which came from 72 groups of ancient symbols. The process of polyphonization (different meanings of one character) began in groups of characters of the Sumerian system, but long before that.

Polyphonization gradually etched the outer shell of a complex character, then disrupted the internal arrangement of the characters in the "semi-decayed" foundations of the groups, and then destroyed the foundation itself. The groups of symbols disintegrated into phonetic volumes long before the Sumerians came to Meziříčí.

It is interesting that the Proto-Elam literature, which co-existed with Sumerian and also in the Persian Gulf, underwent an analogous development. The Proto-Islamic script can be traced back to about 70 groups of basic characters, which split into 70 phonetic volumes. And in both cases (Proto-Elamic and Sumerian) the features have both an internal and an external structure. However, Proto-Islamic characters still have determinatives and are thus systematically closer to Chinese characters

During the reign of Fu-si (2852-2752 BC), nomadic Aryans from the northwest invaded China and brought with them already fully developed literature. But in ancient Chinese pictography, the literature of the Namazga culture (Central Asia) passed. The individual groups of characters have both Sumerian and Chinese equivalents. So what is the agreement of the writing systems of different nations? The core of the poodle is that it all came from the same source, which disintegrated in VII. millennium BC

During the two millennia before this collapse, the Elamo-Chinese area came into contact with the pre-numerical cultures of Guran and Zagros in Iran. The Western literature was opposed to the Western literature, which was formed under the influence of the Zagro culture (Ganj Dare, see map). Later, the writings of the Egyptians, Cretans and Mycenaeans, Sumerians and also the Tartarians were created from this.

Thus, the legend of the Babylonian confusion of languages ​​and the division of a single language into several languages ​​need not be unfounded at all. Because if we compare the 72 groups of basic Sumerian characters with the analogous basic symbols of all other systems of writing, we are surprised by the agreement not only in their design but also in their meaning.

And so we have before us complementary articles from a once complete and then disintegrated system. If we compare the reconstructed symbolism of this font from IX. - VIII. millennium BC with European signs of the late Paleolithic (20 - 10 thousand years BC), we can not fail to notice their far from accidental coincidence.

Yes, fonts IV. The millennium BC did not originate in various parts of our planet, but was merely the result of a peculiar development from the fragments of a disintegrated unified primitive system of sacred symbolism, which was born in one place. Like homo sapiens, it also comes from one place, despite the views of racists.

So what language did the ancient Tartari speak?

We look at the ethnic map of Western Europe in VII. - VI. Millennium BC At that time, as a result of the Neolithic Revolution, there was a demographic explosion. Over the centuries, the population has increased 17 times (from 5 million to 85). At that time there was a shift from collecting and hunting to irrigation agriculture.

The abundance of the population on the Balkan Peninsula, the homeland of the Semitic-Hamit peoples, set in motion masses of people and migrated to less populated areas where the Neolithic revolution had not yet taken place. The relocation took place in two directions, north along the Danube and south through Asia Minor, the Middle East, North Africa and Spain. The Prasites from the east and the Prahamites from the west took advantage of their considerable numerical superiority and pushed the Praindo-Europeans far north (to areas where there has only recently been deglaciation).

Descriptions of the struggles between nations have been preserved in Celtic mythology. The Praslovan names of the Celtic gods confirm that the Praslovs, who did not allow themselves to be subdued by the enemy, were in the eyes of the Prakelts of France a light of hope, and became their gods. The Celtic "Piglets", the Danans of the Goria family, conquered the Prařeky and then entered into a long-running struggle with the Prasemites of the Danube cultures. We can read about it in both Indian and Greek myths.

The war was very cruel and long. A distant nation of Iranian Zagros became an ally of the Praindo-Europeans, which had gone through the Neolithic revolution even earlier and invaded Asia Minor from the east. The Semito-Hamit "scissors" were torn apart.

Hamenti directed a substantial part of their forces into the region of Egypt and the Seite in the territory of Greece and Asia Minor, where they eventually stopped the invasion of the ancestors of the ancient Egyptians. It turned out, however, that it was Pyrrha's victory. The Semi-Hamith campaign was not crowned success.

And in VI. Millennium BC, the Neolithic revolution also took place among the Praindo-Europeans. After raising cattle, they took control of the great steppes. The Prahamites were assimilated by the Celts throughout Europe, and the Prasites took refuge in the Lower Danube region.

At the beginning of the XNUMXth millennium BC, a large buffer zone (Upper Danube region, Western Carpathians and Ukraine) with a very distinctive population was created between the Indo-Europeans of Denmark and Pomerania and the Prasemites of Thrace. Later, the Lesbos ethnic group, the Tripoli-Kukuteni and Troy cultures emerged from its core (Baden culture).

Therefore, we have good reason to believe that there was a connection between the inhabitants of this region, including the Tartarians and Tripoli, and the Praetrusky, as confirmed by anthropological data. At the end of the XNUMXth millennium BC, the Praetrussians definitively expelled the Prasemites from the Balkans to Asia Minor and the Middle East. This cleared the way for Indo-European cattle breeders who came victoriously from the north.

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